Vol. 9, Special Issue 3, Part B (2025)

This case report describes solar-induced dermatitis and neoplasia in two Rajapalayam dogs, aged three and a half years and two years, respectively. The dogs presented with pruritic lesions on the nasal planum and ears, exacerbated by chronic exposure to direct sunlight without shade. Physical examinations revealed erythematous, crusty, and scaly lesions, primarily on the head and thighs. Haematobiochemical parameters were within the normal range. The pathogenesis of solar dermatitis in dogs and cats is primarily associated with UVB radiation, which induces DNA damage, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses in unprotected, lightly pigmented skin. Diagnosis was based on clinical history, signs, and skin biopsy, revealing superficial perivascular dermatitis, acanthosis, and mononuclear cell inclusion bodies. Treatment involved applying SPF 50 sunscreen, hydrocortisone ointment, and systemic administration of antibiotics and glucocorticoids. The dogs showed complete recovery after two weeks. Preventative measures, including minimizing outdoor exposure during peak UV hours and regular use of sunscreen, were emphasized. Client education on breed susceptibility to solar dermatitis was also highlighted.