Vol. 9, Special Issue 1, Part K (2025)

The North-eastern region of India is a significant repository of plant genetic resources, contributing immensely to agricultural diversity, particularly in vegetable crops. This article examines the role of genetic resources from this region in enhancing the yield, quality, and adaptability of vegetable crops. The diversity of wild relatives and landraces of key vegetable families, such as Solanaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Leguminaceae, offers valuable traits for crop improvement. Despite challenges like cross-incompatibility, these genetic materials possess resilience to environmental stresses, pests, and diseases. The conservation and use of these resources are crucial in addressing genetic erosion and ensuring food security. Furthermore, traditional agricultural systems in the region have led to the development of crops with significant nutritional and economic value. This paper underscores the importance of conserving genetic diversity in Northeast India and utilizing it in breeding programs to meet future agricultural challenges. This overview highlights the untapped potential of this biodiversity-rich region and calls for systematic exploration and conservation of its plant genetic resources for sustainable agricultural development.