Vol. 9, Special Issue 1, Part F (2025)

The biosensor is an analytical device used to find biological analytes both in quantity and presence. After detection, it uses a transducer to transform the biological response into an electrical signal. Now a days, biosensors are used in a variety of fields, including the medical industry, the pharmaceutical industry (Drug design and development), the food industry, environmental monitoring, agriculture and the military. Glucometers utilizing the strategy of electrochemical detection of biosensors. Various biosensors ranging from nanomaterials, polymers to microbes have wider potential applications. It is quite important to integrate multifaceted approaches to design biosensors that have the potential for diverse usage. In light of this, this information provides an overview of different types of biosensors being used ranging from electrochemical, fluorescence tagged, nanomaterials, silica or quartz and microbes for various biomedical and environmental applications with future outlook of biosensor technology. Nanomaterials have an important part in efficiently sensing bioreceptors such as cells, enzymes and antibodies to develop biosensors with high selectivity, peculiarity and sensibility. It is virtually impossible in science and technology to perform any application without nanomaterials. Along with their use in other daily applications, biosensors can essentially be low-cost, extremely effective instruments.