Vol. 9, Special Issue 12, Part R (2025)

Sesame is an important oilseed crop used in food industries, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Sesame grown in India over an area of 15.31 lakh hectares with production of 8.47 lakh tonnes and productivity of 553 kg ha^-1. In Telangana contributed significantly, producing 0.10 lakh tonnes with a productivity of 740 kg ha⁻¹ from 0.14 lakh hectares (Indiastat, 2024). The objective of this study was to estimate the extent of genetic variability in genotypes of sesame during summer 2024. Fourteen genotypes were evaluated at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Polasa Jagtial. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. The highest phenotypic, genotypic coefficient of variation, heritability, and genetic advance as a percentage of the mean was observed for the number of capsules per plant. It indicates selection for this trait was effective for higher yield. It was influenced by additive gene action, which can be improved through a simple selection method. Similarly, the number of capsules per plant showed a positive significant correlation with seed yield per plant. Days to 50% flowering exhibited a positive significant correlation with days to maturity. Therefore, number of capsules per plant was the most contributing character to seed yield.