Vol. 9, Special Issue 11, Part I (2025)

The present study evaluated the efficacy of CIDR-Ovsynch, Double Ovsynch, Ovsynch, single-dose GnRH, and nutritional supplementation protocols for the management of true anestrus and ovarian cysts in cattle and buffaloes. In multiparous anestrous animals, both CIDR-Ovsynch and Double Ovsynch achieved high estrous induction rates (100% and 89.47%, respectively), with CIDR-Ovsynch producing a non-significantly higher pregnancy rate (77.27%) (t-stat- 0.98, P-0.33). Among primiparous anestrous heifers, CIDR-Ovsynch again resulted in significantly higher pregnancy rate (69.23%) compared with Double Ovsynch (58.33%), and national correction group (30.43%), despite slightly lower estrous induction rates than multiparous cows (F-4.9, P-0.02). These findings highlight the influence of progesterone supplementation in enhancing cyclicity, likely through improved modulation of hypothalamic-pituitary activity and support of oocyte and embryo development.

Nutritional supplementation alone yielded comparatively low estrous induction (58.69%) and pregnancy rates (30.43%), indicating that while nutrition is fundamental for reproductive health, it is insufficient as a standalone treatment for established anestrus.

For the treatment of ovarian cysts, CIDR-Ovsynch achieved the highest pregnancy rate (47.05%), outperforming Ovsynch (21.42%) and single-dose GnRH (28.57%). Overall, the findings indicate that CIDR-Ovsynch is the most effective protocol for managing both true anestrus and ovarian cysts, outperforming other hormonal and nutritional strategies by restoring ovarian function and improving conception rates.