Vol. 9, Special Issue 10, Part W (2025)

The development of novel insecticides that promises efficient and environmentally sustainable solutions. Most current insecticides act on nerve and muscle targets. Insecticides that act on these targets are generally fast acting. Insect development is controlled by juvenile hormone and ecdysone, by direct perturbing cuticle formation/deposition or lipid biosynthesis. Such insect growth regulators are generally slow to moderately slow acting. Several insecticides are known to interfere with mitochondrial respiration by the inhibition of electron transport and / or oxidative phosphorylation. Such insecticides are generally fast to moderately fast acting. Lepidopteran specific microbial toxins that are sprayed or expressed in transgenic crop varieties. New pesticides can be designed to target specific pests while minimizing harm to beneficial organisms, reducing ecological disruptions. Modern pesticides are formulated to have lower toxicity and persistence in the environment, resulting in less contamination of water, soil, and air. New pesticides may leave lower residue levels on crops, addressing concerns about food safety and consumer health. New pesticides with different modes of action can help manage resistance issues that have developed in pests against older pesticides. the mode of action of novel insecticides an homage to the power of scientific inquiry and the promise of a future where human ingenuity, coupled with nature’s wisdom, charts a course towards a more balanced and prosperous world.