Vol. 8, Special Issue 9, Part H (2024)

Terminalia species have long been integral to traditional medicine, offering remedies for a wide spectrum of ailments. Their abundance in phytoconstituents prompted us to conduct an extensive literature review to gather evidence-based insights into their therapeutic potential. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the traditional uses, phytoconstituents, and biological and pharmacological properties of various Terminalia species. Despite their extensive use in traditional medicine, Terminalia species remain relatively underexplored in terms of their phytochemical composition and biological properties. Nonetheless, their diverse bioactivities can be attributed to several key phytochemicals, including glucosides, tannins, gallic acid, ellagic acid, ethyl gallatic acid, galloyl, chebulagic acid, and arjunolate, which are pivotal in their medicinal and pharmacological applications. Terminalia species have been shown to possess antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antisalmonella, hepatoprotective, antispasmodic, and broncho dilatory properties, owing to the presence of these bioactive compounds. The potent bioactive phytochemicals present in Terminalia species contribute to their efficacy in treating various diseases. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms underlying their medicinal potential and pharmacological effects. This review highlights the importance of ongoing exploration and investigation into the pharmacological potential of Terminalia species.