Vol. 8, Special Issue 8, Part N (2024)

Abstract: This study investigated the subacute toxic effects of pretilachlor on hematological, biochemical, and histopathological parameters in Black Bengal goats. Erythrocytic and leucocytic indices showed no significant changes, except for a non-significant reduction in hemoglobin (Hb) levels and lymphocyte count. Oxidative stress, indicated by elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, was observed in the blood and tissues of exposed goats. Antioxidant defense enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase increased their activity to counteract free radicals. A significant reduction in reduced glutathione (rGSH) levels in the kidney suggested stress in renal tissue due to pretilachlor exposure. Blood glucose levels remained unchanged, while tissue protein levels decreased, and tissue enzyme markers such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increased in the liver and heart, indicating stress. Histopathological examination revealed Zenker’s degeneration and fatty infiltration in the heart and hydropic degeneration in the kidney, supporting biochemical findings. Residue analysis showed higher pretilachlor levels in the blood over time, with the gastrointestinal tract having the highest residue levels. Significant residues were also found in the heart, lungs, adrenal glands, muscles, fat, liver, and kidneys, indicating pretilachlor accumulation in these organs.