Vol. 8, Special Issue 7, Part K (2024)

Abstract: Urolithiasis, a common affliction in ruminants, arises due to formation of stones in the kidneys and urinary tract resulting in obstructed urine flow, uremia and if left untreated, leads to fatality. Present study includes six bucks exhibiting symptoms of urine retention underwent comprehensive physical, clinical, hematobiochemical, radiological and ultrasonographic examinations. Initial haematobiochemical analysis on the day of presentation revealed elevated levels of total leukocyte count (TLC), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, as well as hyponatraemia and hypochloraemia. Radiographic investigation depicted distended urinary bladder, whereas, ultrasonography revealed distended intact bladder containing hyperechoic sludge and granular particles in all six cases and alongside cystoliths with acoustic shadowing in two cases. The goats received spinal anaesthesia at the lumbosacral region, along with intravenous administration of inj. for sedation. Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Tube Cystostomy (MIPCTC) was performed under spinal anaesthesia and deep sedation with inj.Butorphanol at 0.2 mg/kg B.W and inj. Diazepam at 0.3 mg/kg B.W intravenously, using 14-18 FG Malecot catheters following aseptic surgical site preparation and catheter were secured to the abdominal wall using 2-3 stay sutures made of monofilament polyamide. Throughout the perioperative period, animals received intravenous inj. Tramadol at 2 mg/kg B.W and inj. Ceftriaxone at 10 mg/kg B.W. Hematobiochemical parameters were recorded on day 0, postoperatively on day 1, 5, 10 and on day 15. Ammonium chloride was administered at a dosage of 200 mg/kg B.W per orally to acidify urine. Intermittent catheter blockage was utilized to assess urethral patency. All bucks exhibited uncomplicated recovery, achieving a 100 Per cent success rate through MIPCTC using Malecot catheter in cases with intact and distended urinary bladder.