Author(s): Dr. Preet Patel, Dr. HB Patel, Dr. RD Singh, Dr. CM Modi, Dr. Ditixa Prajapati, Dr. Darshna Asari, Dr. HA Patel, Dr. SK Mody and Dr. Dhrupal Patel

Abstract: Danofloxacin, a fluoroquinolones antimicrobial was exclusively used in veterinary clinical practice for treating a variety of bacterial infections in avian species. Accompanying other fluoroquinolones, Danofloxacin has broad-spectrum bacterial action against Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Salmonella) and some gram-positive cocci, such Staphylococcus. The pharmacokinetics studies in avian species are very scare and the there is huge gap of information on pharmacokinetic behaviour of Danofloxacin in broilers. The present study was done to explores the disposition kinetics of Danofloxacin after single dose intravenous administration at the dose rate of 5.0 mg/kg body weight. The study was performed on eight healthy broiler chicken, weighing between 0.9-1.2 kg. Danofloxacin concentrations were measured using the reversed-phase ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) with UV detector. A non-compartmental technique was used to analyse the plasma concentration-time data. Following single dose intravenous administration of Danofloxacin at the dose rate of 5.0 mg/kg, the immediate plasma concentration of Danofloxacin at 0.083 h was observed as 2.97 ± 0.05 µg/mL, which rapidly declined to 0.17 ± 0.01 µg/mL at 12 h. The mean value of elimination rate constant (β) was found as 0.15 ± 0.002 h^-1. The drug was eliminated from the body of bird with an average half-life (t_1/2β) of 4.64 ± 0.07 h. The mean values of area under curve (AUC) and mean residence time (MRT) were observed to be 7.63 ± 0.11 µg.h/mL and 5.87 ± 0.09 h, respectively. The average values of volume of distribution (V_d(area)) and volume of distribution at steady state (V_d(ss)) were calculated as 4.40 ± 0.06 and 3.85 ± 0.03 L/kg, respectively. The body of bird was able to eliminate the drug from the body at a rate was found to be 0.66 ± 0.01 L/h/kg, which was indicated by total body clearance (CL_B). Danofloxacin has clinically superior pharmacokinetic properties, including the longer elimination half-life, wide volume of distribution and slower clearances in broiler chicken. The pharmacokinetics data obtained from this study may serve an important tool for PK/PD relationship to optimize the dosage regimen of Danofloxacin targeted for the treatment of diseases caused by susceptible bacteria with known minimum inhibitory concentration values in broiler chicken.

DOI: 10.33545/26174693.2024.v8.i4Sd.960