Author(s): Tarun Kumar, Rinu, Rajesh Sethiya, Praddyum, Shikha Thakur and Saurabh

Abstract: Ornamental plants play a crucial role in the expansive horticultural sector on a global scale. Within the field of modern ornamental plant production, a diverse range of organic chemicals known as plant growth regulators (PGRs) holds significant importance. These regulators, whether naturally derived or synthesized, are acknowledged as valuable tools employed by commercial ornamental plant growers in their cultivation practices. Phytohormones, or plant growth regulators, are pivotal in governing the physiological processes, developmental transitions, and responses to environmental cues in plants. These organic compounds, characterized by varied chemical structures, are produced by plants in relatively low concentrations within specialized tissues. These compounds are then transported throughout the entire plant, where they qualitatively and quantitatively impact crucial physiological processes. The primary groups of plant hormones include auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, ethylene, brassinosteroids, and jasmonates. PGRs exert rapid effects on both the vegetative growth and flower yield of flowering crops, presenting various advantages, such as application efficiency, time savings, and an environmentally friendly nature. The effectiveness of PGRs hinges on several factors, with the method of application playing a crucial role. Proper absorption by plants is essential for their efficacy. When employing growth regulators in flowering crops, it is imperative that their action is specific, and they are demonstrated to be safe in terms of both toxicity and environmental impact. The application of growth regulators profoundly influences the physiological activities of flowering crops, ultimately shaping their growth and flower production. In this thorough examination, we explore various categories of plant growth regulators, investigating their applications and impacts on flowering plants, foliage plants, and ornamental grasses.

DOI: 10.33545/26174693.2024.v8.i2Sd.553