Vol. 8, Special Issue 12, Part R (2024)

The current study entitled “Exploitation of heterosis breeding through partial diallel mating design in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss)’’ was conducted at Instructional cum Research farm Shaheed Gundadhoor College of Agriculture and Research Station, Jagdalpur, Bastar, (C.G.). The experiment was conducted to evaluate the twenty one F1 lines derived from 7×7 partial diallel cross of Brassica juncea for yield and yield components. Seven parents of mustard were mated using partial 7×7 diallel fashion during Rabi season 2021-22 and then evaluated the combining ability and heterosis of twenty one F1 hybrids over check hybrid RE-8 during Rabi season 2022-23. The observations for this investigation were recorded for various character, viz., days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, days to maturity, siliqua length, number of siliqua per plant, number of seeds per siliqua, test weight, harvest index (%), seed yield per plant were all observed for this study. Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences in the genotypes for all the characters under the study. Heterosis analysis, the test hybrid cross combinations viz., In case of seed yield per plant, the positive standard heterosis over standard check was shown by hybrids viz. P1×P2 (V1), P1×P3 (V2), P1×P4 (V3), P1×P5 (V4), P2×P3 (V7), P2×P4 (V8), P2×P5 (V9), P2×P7 (V11), P3×P6 (V14), P3×P7 (V15), P4×P5 (V16), P5×P7 (V20), P6×P7 (V21) and among them the highest significant positive standard heterosis for yield was exhibited by RE-44×RIC-3 (V14) followed by CN105364×RIC-3 (V17), RE-11×CN105364 (V3) over the standard hybrid check RE-8 for yield and yield contributing characters such as siliqua length, no. of seeds per siliqua, thousand seeds weight and seed yield per plant. Considering the standard heterosis for yield and yield attributes, the tested hybrids viz., P1×P4 (V3), P3×P6 (V14) and P4×P6 (V17) might be selected a superior B. juncea hybrid lines. Moreover, the hybrid lines viz., P1×P4 (V3), P3×P6 (V14), and P4×P6 (V17) could also be selected as potential lines because these hybrids could produce transgressive segregants in advanced or later generations.