Food quality and safety are of utmost importance to ensure consumer health and satisfaction. Biochemical testing plays a crucial role in assessing the composition, nutritional value, and potential contaminants of food products. This review paper provides an extensive overview of the equipment commonly used for biochemical testing of food. It explores the principles, capabilities, and applications of various analytical instruments and techniques, such as spectrophotometry, chromatography, mass spectrometry, and enzymatic assays. Additionally, the review discusses the advancements, challenges, and future directions in the field of food biochemical testing equipment.