Vol. 10, Issue 1, Part B (2026)

Mastitis is one of the very important and devastating disease of dairy animals having multi etiologic i.e. bacteria, fungi, or viruses in animals. On the basis of clinical sign, symptoms and etiology mastitis may be clinical, subclinical, contagious, and environmental mastitis. It harms both animal owner as well as affected dairy animals by three ways- one is due to reduced milk yield, second treatment loss and third is health loss due to blindly use of higher antibiotics often seen in field conditions. In India the annual economic loss recorded due to clinical form of bovine mastitis Rs. 7165.51 crores per annum while due to subclinical form of bovine mastitis was Rs 2646 crores in 2001. For development of suitable diagnostics and preventive measures (Vaccinology) the knowledge of mechanism of mastitis is very essential. Presently there is no commercial mastitis vaccine available in India. Mastitis is a public health concern problem so, before starting treatment AMR, animal as well as public health issues should be kept in mind. Government’s One Health Approach (OHA) and AMR 2.0 guidelines should follow during treatment of mastitis in dairy animals. Alternate to antibiotic therapy i.e. Herbal, Homeopathic and phage therapy should be adopted for betterment of animal, human and environment.