Vol. 9, Issue 7, Part F (2025)

The experiment was conducted in the Tissue Culture Laboratory/Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture/College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, from September 2024 to June 2025. This experiment aimed to demonstrate the effect of growth regulators or organic extracts on phenotypic and chemical indicators, enzyme activity, and the content of some active compounds in the branches The experiment was conducted according to a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors and ten replications. The first factor included three concentrations of sodium chloride (50, 100, 150) mmol ^L-1 in addition to the control treatment. The second factor included two types of growth regulators (Melatonin at a concentration of 1 mg L^-1, salicylic acid at a concentration of 10 mg ^L-1 , and two types of organic extracts: willow leaf extract and moringa leaf extract at a concentration of 10 ml L^-1) in addition to the control treatment. The results of the experiment can be summarized as follows:

The results of the experiment showed a negative effect of sodium chloride added to the nutrient medium on most of the studied traits, as the concentration of 150 mmol L^-1 recorded a significant decrease in the number of leaves, branch length, chlorophyll content, and the percentage of nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, and protein Carbohydrates in the branches, while the highest rate was recorded in the percentage of sodium, activity of the enzyme peroxidase and catalase, and proline content in the branches, while the concentration of 100 mmol. L^-1 recorded a significant decrease in the average number of branches. ϖ The results showed a significant effect of growth regulators or organic extracts added to the nutrient medium on most of the studied traits, as the treatment of adding moringa leaf extract at a concentration of 10 ml L^-1 recorded the highest rate in the number of leaves, branch length, and percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium Protein and carbohydrates in the branches, and also recorded the highest rate in the content of active compounds, while it recorded the lowest rate in the percentage of sodium and proline content in the branches, while the growth regulator recorded Salicylic acid at a concentration of 10 mg L^-1 significantly affected both the number of branches and chlorophyll content. The growth regulator melatonin at a concentration of 1 mg L^-1 recorded the lowest activity of the peroxidase and catalase enzymes in the branches. The results of the experiment showed that the interaction between sodium chloride salt and the addition of growth regulators or organic extracts to the nutrient medium had a significant effect on most of the studied indicators. The interaction treatment (without adding sodium chloride with the addition of 10 mg L^-1 salicylic acid) gave the highest rate in the number of branches. While the treatment (without adding sodium chloride with 10 ml L^-1 Moringa leaf extract) was superior and gave the highest rate of leaf number, branch length and percentage of phosphorus in the branches, while it recorded the lowest rate of sodium percentage, catalase enzyme activity and proline content in the branches. The treatment (50 mmol L^-1 of sodium chloride and 10 ml L^-1 Moringa leaf extract) was superior and gave the highest rate of potassium percentage and the highest content of all active compounds under study, while the treatment (100 mmol L^-1 and 10 ml L^-1 willow leaf extract) was superior and gave the highest rate of nitrogen and protein in the branches. While the treatment (150 mmol L^-1 of sodium chloride without adding growth regulators and organic extracts) was superior and gave the highest percentage of sodium and the highest activity of the peroxidase enzyme and proline content in the branches. While the treatment (without adding sodium chloride and the growth regulator melatonin 1 mg L^-1 ) was superior and gave the highest percentage of carbohydrates and the lowest activity of the peroxidase enzyme.