Vol. 9, Issue 5, Part G (2025)

Background: Chronic urticaria is a persistent skin disorder characterized by recurrent hives and inflammation, often linked to immune dysregulation.

Aims of the study: Look into the possible role that blood vitamin D and key measures of inflammation play in the development of chronic urticaria.

Methodology: This case-control study was conducted at Al-Sader Teaching Hospital, Basrah, Iraq, from January to October 2024, with ethical approval from Basrah Medical College. It included 70 chronic urticaria patients and 70 healthy controls (aged 18-65 years). Exclusion criteria covered medication use affecting vitamin D, pregnancy, and chronic diseases. Blood samples were analyzed for CBC, CRP, and vitamin D using advanced laboratory equipment. Vitamin D levels were measured via the COBAS® e411 immunoassay, while CRP and hematological parameters were assessed using COBAS® INTEGRA 400 PLUS and Sysmex XN-330.

Result: There were no significant differences in gender and age distribution between chronic urticaria patients and controls. However, vitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients (17.01±5.85 ng/mL) than in controls (30.27±8.87 ng/mL, p<0.05). CRP and MPV levels were significantly higher in patients, while basophil count was lower (p<0.05). A negative correlation was found between vitamin D and both CRP (r =-0.419) and MPV (r =-0.452), suggesting an association between vitamin D deficiency and inflammation in chronic urticaria.

Conclusions: Chronic urticaria patients showed significantly lower vitamin D levels and higher CRP and MPV, indicating increased inflammation. Vitamin D deficiency may contribute to immune dysregulation, enhancing inflammatory responses. The negative correlation suggests vitamin D’s potential role in modulating inflammation, making supplementation a possible therapeutic approach.