Vol. 9, Issue 2, Part I (2025)

Despite the global ban on Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) due to its persistent environmental toxicity and detrimental health effects, its unauthorized usage persists among tribal farmers in Arunachal Pradesh, India. This study investigates the underlying factors driving DDT misuse, farmers' perceptions, and associated risks. A survey conducted from 2015 to 2025 across three districts viz., West Siang, Leparada, and Upper Subansiri, covering 150 farmers revealed that 95% were unaware of the ban, and 100% obtained DDT from public health programs. Its use was widespread in vegetable (78%) and staple crop cultivation (54%), posing significant risks to food safety and ecosystem health. Alarmingly, 94% of farmers sprayed DDT without protective measures, and 79% discarded empty containers in open fields or water sources. Among exposed individuals, 38% reported skin rashes, while respiratory (6%) and neurological symptoms (2%) were less common. Additionally, we observed a decline in predatory birds and beneficial insects, indicating ecological disruption. Despite recognizing risks, 88% of farmers perceived DDT as essential for high yields. However, 96% expressed willingness to transition to organic or government-supported sustainable farming, highlighting an urgent need for stricter monitoring, awareness programs, and the promotion of safer pest management alternatives.