Vol. 9, Issue 2, Part D (2025)

Background: Asprosin is a novel adipokine implicated in metabolic regulation, and its levels are thought to be influenced by factors such as diabetes, age, BMI, and glycemic control, potentially reflecting disease severity and progression.

Objective: Evaluate the relationship between asprosin levels and factors such as age, gender, BMI, glycemic control, and the duration of diabetes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methodology: A case-control study conducted from February to July 2024 in four Basra hospitals included 180 participants: 129 T2DM patients (60 males, 69 females) and 51 healthy controls (28 males, 23 females). Patients were classified into three groups based on urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR): DN0, DN1, and DN2. Exclusion criteria included type 1 diabetes, acute complications, cardiovascular diseases, liver dysfunction, and malignancies. Asprosin levels were measured using the MELSIN Human Asprosin kit (EKHU-3077, China) and ELISA-Human Reader HS (Germany).

Result: The study found significant differences in asprosin levels across age, sex, BMI, diabetes duration, and glycemic control (p<0.001). Asprosin levels increased with age, disease severity, BMI, and diabetes duration. Females had higher asprosin levels than Males, and advanced stages (DN1, DN2) showed higher levels. Poor glycemic control was associated with elevated asprosin in advanced disease stages.

Conclusion: Elevated asprosin levels in advanced stages of diabetic kidney disease (DN1, DN2) suggest its potential role as a biomarker for disease progression. Age, poor glycemic control, and higher BMI contribute to higher asprosin concentrations, indicating their influence on metabolic and inflammatory pathways.