Vol. 9, Issue 12, Part J (2025)

In the current study, a male Wistar rat model of sodium arsenite-induced nephrotoxicity was used to evaluate the nephro-protective effects of microalgal Spirulina extract fortified with finger millet and Moringa leaves (MSFM). The study consisted of Group I to VI comprising of six rats in each group. During the study period of 60 days, rats in Group I (normal control) received normal saline orally every day. While all rats in Groups II (disease control) through VI were given sodium arsenite orally at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight. In addition to sodium arsenite, Group III (reference control) rats were given Telmisartan at 10 mg/kg body weight orally for 60 days and Group IV, V, and VI rats were given MSFM at 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg body weight orally daily for 60 days, respectively. In comparison to the normal control rats, Group II rats exposed to sodium arsenite showed notable changes in body weight, haematological, biochemical, antioxidant, lipid peroxidation, and kidney pathomorphological markers. When compared to Group II rats, MSFM supplementation showed a dose-dependent protective effect, as evidenced by notable improvements in antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation reduction, histopathological restoration, and haematological and serological markers. While 200 mg/kg supplied moderate protection, 400 mg/kg bodyweight of MSFM provided the best level of protection across the therapy groups, outperforming Telmisartan. These results demonstrate the possibility of an MSFM formulation based on finger millet, Moringa, and Spirulina as a natural therapeutic approach to lessen sodium arsenite-induced nephrotoxicity.