Vol. 9, Issue 1, Part J (2025)

Indian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a vital cereal and fodder crop, known for its wide adaptability to various agro-climatic conditions. The study encapsulates the genetic parameters persuading yield and contributing traits in barley as a major thrust. A phenotypic evaluation study to explore heritability and genetic advancements was conducted with diallel set of 45 hybrids developed from 10 barley genotypes. The experiment followed a randomized block design with three replications, assessing fifteen characters across the F1 and F2 generations. Accordingly, the high magnitude of heritability was observed for the characters, days to maturity, and number of spikelets per spike. The genetic advance was high for days to maturity, plant height, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, peduncle length, and harvest index. This research provides valuable insights for future barley improvement programs, promoting genetic diversity and superior genotype development. Additionally, a comprehensive analysis of genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advancement in barley using diallel crosses will enhance breeding strategies for sustainable yield improvements. This study will provide actionable insights for future crop development programs in India.