Vol. 8, Issue 9, Part E (2024)

The variability of climate change on a global scale and its effects are the 21st-century human race's greatest concerns. The majority of physiological disorder responses to climate change, such as shortened growing seasons that result in a noticeable decrease in fruit and vegetable production, are caused by terminal heat stress and limited soil water availability. These factors will have a detrimental impact on the growth and development of horticultural crops. The effects of climate change unpredictability on horticulture crops include decreased irrigation water supply, increased temperature, flooding, and salinity, in addition to a worsening of existing environmental pressures. Commercial types of fruits, vegetables, and flowers will perform badly and in an unpredictable way as a result of the irregularity of climate change variability. The commercial output of horticultural crops produced in open fields would be negatively impacted by the melting of ice caps in the Himalayan areas. A number of horticultural crops' physiological disorders, such as the mango's spongy tissue, the litchi fruit breaking, and the solanaceous fruit and vegetables flower and fruit abscission, will be more noticeable, and the high temperatures and air pollution will cause a drop in agricultural output. Some ways to maintain production and adapt current horticultural techniques are to reduce the impact of climate change and employ more greenhouse technology. The key to overcoming these obstacles will be to develop horticultural crops that can withstand high temperatures, are disease- and pest-resistant, can be grown quickly, and can yield well under pressure.