Vol. 8, Issue 7, Part H (2024)

Abstract: Withania somnifera, commonly known as Ashwagandha, is a prominent medicinal plant recognized for its extensive therapeutic applications in traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani. Historically utilized as an aphrodisiac, liver tonic, anti-inflammatory agent, and astringent, it has gained popularity for treating conditions like bronchitis, asthma, ulcers, emaciation, insomnia, and senile dementia. Recent increases in the demand for Ashwagandha-based products highlight its significance in natural healthcare. However, the plant is susceptible to various pathogens, particularly leaf spot disease caused by Alternaria alternata, which has been reported in Madhya Pradesh's Grid region. To address this issue sustainably, both biological control agents and botanical extracts have been evaluated. In vitro studies revealed that five botanical extracts (Neem leaf extract, Moringa leaf extract, Lantana leaf extract, Garlic bulb extract and Akanda leaf extract) at 5%, 10% and 15% concentrations significantly inhibit A. alternata, with Moringa extract showing the highest inhibition rate at 15% (68.40%), followed by Neem extract 15% (61.47%), Garlic bulb extract at15% (49.35%) and lowest inhibition rate at Lantana extract at 5% (2.60%). Additionally, four biocontrol agents demonstrated varying effectiveness, with Trichoderma viride exhibiting the greatest inhibition (72.59%), followed by Trichoderma spp. (62.10%) and T. harzianum (56.17%), while Pseudomonas fluorescens showed the least efficacy (39.71%). These findings support the potential of using environmentally friendly strategies to manage leaf spot disease in Ashwagandha cultivation.