Author(s): Enas D Neama, Rawaa SAAL-Azawi, Nadya J Ibraheem, Baraa G Abdul-Ameer, Mariam K Chassab, Zainab A Radhi and HHK Al-Shukri

Abstract: Lung cancer continues to be a significant global health challenge, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of its multifaceted dimensions. This review was focus on the current landscape of lung cancer, covering diverse topics from epidemiology and risk factors to emerging trends in research, treatment modalities, and survivorship. Beginning with an exploration of the epidemiological landscape and etiological factors, and this study delve into the intricate interplay between genetic predisposition, environmental exposures, and molecular mechanisms underlying lung carcinogenesis. The current review transition to the realm of early detection and screening, discussing the latest innovations in imaging techniques, biomarkers, and artificial intelligence algorithms that hold promise for improving early diagnosis and prognosis. Advancements in surgical and minimally invasive treatments are also highlighted, with a focus on innovations such as video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and robotic-assisted surgery, which have revolutionized surgical approaches and patient outcomes. Moreover, targeted therapies and immunotherapies are examined in depth, showcasing their transformative impact on personalized treatment strategies and clinical outcomes. Beyond the clinical realm, this study explore the human side of lung cancer care, emphasizing the importance of patient perspectives, supportive care, and psychosocial well-being throughout the treatment journey. Environmental factors, emerging trends in research, and challenges and opportunities in survivorship are also addressed, underscoring the need for a multidisciplinary and patient-centered approach to lung cancer management. By synthesizing the latest evidence and insights across these diverse domains, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of lung cancer that informs clinicians, researchers, policymakers, and stakeholders alike. Through continued collaboration, innovation, and advocacy, we can strive towards improved prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship outcomes in the fight against lung cancer.

DOI: 10.33545/26174693.2024.v8.i4d.948