Author(s): Ragini Mishra, SK Biswas, S Nandi, Sonalika Mahajan, Sabahat Gulzar, Deepa Poloju, Anisha Tomy, KG Sai Balaji, Karam Pal Singh and GK Sharma

Abstract: Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an infectious WOAH notifiable disease of the cattle and water buffalos having capability of rapid transboundary spread and, characterized by eruptive skin lesions, greatly reduced milk production, poor growth, reduced fertility, sometimes abortion and rarely death. It is caused by the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) of genus Capripoxvirus in the Poxviridae family. Lumpy skin disease viruses can be distinguished by their distinctive brick-shaped appearance using electron microscopy. It is an enveloped DNA virus measuring approximately 294 nm × 262 nm in size, with a 151-kbp genome. This study focuses on the molecular characterization of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) during outbreaks in India in 2019 and 2022. The LSD can be transmitted by various arthropods, including blood-feeding insects and ticks, and can also spread through respiratory secretions and saliva. The recent surge in LSD cases in India, particularly in 2022, prompted this study. The outbreak affected a significant number of cattle, leading to an increased morbidity and mortality rate. The study aims to molecularly characterize LSDV strains recovered from outbreaks in different states of India, focusing on the L126 (EEV) gene. This gene-based analysis is crucial for understanding the genetic variations and virulence factors associated with LSDV in India, especially considering recent reports of increased virulence and breed-wise susceptibility differences among cattle. The results of this study contribute valuable insights into the molecular aspects of LSDV circulating in India, providing essential information for effective management and control of the disease.

DOI: 10.33545/26174693.2024.v8.i1b.311