Abstract: Background: Myocardial infarction generally occurs with the abrupt decrease in coronary blood flow that follows a thrombotic occlusion of a coronary artery previously narrowed by atherosclerosis.
Aim & Objectives: To study the effect of acute myocardial infarction on the ratios of total cholesterol to HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) cholesterol and of LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) cholesterol to HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) cholesterol.
Methodology: This is a hospital based prospective study done in Intensive coronary care unit &Medical Wards of Mamatha Institute of Medical Sciences &Hospital, Hyderabad during period of January 2019-October 2019.
Results: Eighty patients who were admitted with confirmed diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction fulfilling the criteria are enrolled in the study. Eighty one percent (81%) of the patients studied were men. Hypertension was present in Thirty (30%) percent, twenty-five (25%) percent were diabetic, thirty-two (37%) percent of were smokers, fourteen (14%) percent of the patients had family history of coronary artery disease. Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction was diagnosed in twenty (18%) patients, eighty-two (82%) of the patients were diagnosed to have ST elevation myocardial infarction. Sixteen (18%) of the patients studied were obese. Acute myocardial infarction significantly reduces the total serum cholesterol levels and increases the serum triglyceride levels. But the acute myocardial infarction has no significant effect on the cholesterol ratios (LDL cholesterol / HDL cholesterol ratios and cholesterol / HDL cholesterol ratio).
Conclusion: We conclude, after 24 hours of acute myocardial infarction assessment of cholesterol ratios will be more appropriate than assessing total cholesterol levels.
